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vi Chapter 9. Participants ..........................................................87 Introduction........................................................................89 Prior to the Outdoor Experience .................................90 During the Outdoor Experience..................................92 After the Outdoor Experience......................................94 Chapter Summary ............................................................96 Chapter 10. Subcontractors ...................................................97 When Subcontractors Are Used ..................................97 Risks of Subcontractor Use............................................97 Subcontractor Assessment ...........................................97 Risk Transfer ........................................................................98 Ongoing Assessment ......................................................98 Chapter Summary ............................................................99 Chapter 11. Transportation ................................................ 100 Introduction..................................................................... 100 Standards .......................................................................... 102 Vehicle Operators .......................................................... 102 Passengers........................................................................ 114 Fleet Managers ............................................................... 114 Administration ................................................................ 116 Vehicles.............................................................................. 116 Emerging Issues ............................................................. 117 Van Rollover Risk ............................................................ 117 Chapter Summary ......................................................... 119 Chapter 12. Business Administration............................... 120 Introduction..................................................................... 120 Immediate Business Administration Risks............120 Strategic Risks ................................................................. 122 Advancing the Industry............................................... 123 Protection from Administrative Risks ..................... 123 Further Resources.......................................................... 123 Chapter Summary ......................................................... 124 Part III: Risk Management Instruments ..........................125 Chapter 13. Risk Transfer ...................................................... 126 Introduction..................................................................... 126 Transfer of Risk to Insurance Company.................. 126 Transfer of Risk to Customer ...................................... 127 Transfer of Risk to Subcontractors ........................... 128 Chapter Summary ......................................................... 130 Chapter 14. Incident Management .................................. 131 Introduction..................................................................... 131 Emergency Response Plan Characteristics........... 131 Definitions ........................................................................ 132 Field Response ................................................................ 132 Administrative Response ............................................ 137 Legal and Cultural Considerations .......................... 140 Training and Testing ..................................................... 140 Disaster Drill..................................................................... 141 Chapter Summary ......................................................... 145 Chapter 15. Incident Reporting ......................................... 146 Introduction..................................................................... 146 The Incident Report Form........................................... 147 The Incident Report Process ...................................... 149 Other Documents.........................................................153 Culture ............................................................................... 154 Industry-Wide Incident Reporting........................... 154 Legal Considerations .................................................... 154 Chapter Summary ......................................................... 155 Chapter 16. Incident Reviews ............................................. 156 Introduction..................................................................... 156 Internal Reviews ............................................................. 157 External Reviews ............................................................ 157 Other Reviews.................................................................157 The Review Process ....................................................... 158 Chapter Summary ......................................................... 162 Chapter 17. Risk Management Committee ................... 163 Introduction..................................................................... 163 Roles of a Risk Management Committee .............. 163 Committee Membership............................................. 163 Risk Management Committee Activities...............164 Risk Management Committee Structure............... 164 Requirements .................................................................. 165 Professional Development ......................................... 165 Chapter Summary ......................................................... 166 Chapter 18. Medical Screening .......................................... 167 Introduction..................................................................... 167 The Medical Screening Process ................................ 167 Field Applications .......................................................... 174 Variations in Screening ................................................ 174 Accepting Screening Risks ......................................... 175 Chapter Summary ......................................................... 176 Contents